1 Kings 11:31

Authorized King James Version

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And he said to Jeroboam, Take thee ten pieces: for thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel, Behold, I will rend the kingdom out of the hand of Solomon, and will give ten tribes to thee:

Original Language Analysis

אָמַ֨ר And he said H559
אָמַ֨ר And he said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 23
to say (used with great latitude)
לְיָֽרָבְעָ֔ם to Jeroboam H3379
לְיָֽרָבְעָ֔ם to Jeroboam
Strong's: H3379
Word #: 2 of 23
jarobam, the name of two israelite kings
קַח Take H3947
קַח Take
Strong's: H3947
Word #: 3 of 23
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
לְךָ֖ H0
לְךָ֖
Strong's: H0
Word #: 4 of 23
עֲשָׂרָ֥ה ten H6235
עֲשָׂרָ֥ה ten
Strong's: H6235
Word #: 5 of 23
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
קְרָעִ֑ים pieces H7168
קְרָעִ֑ים pieces
Strong's: H7168
Word #: 6 of 23
a rag
כִּ֣י H3588
כִּ֣י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 7 of 23
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
כֹה֩ H3541
כֹה֩
Strong's: H3541
Word #: 8 of 23
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אָמַ֨ר And he said H559
אָמַ֨ר And he said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 9 of 23
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָ֜ה the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֜ה the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 10 of 23
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֱלֹהֵ֣י the God H430
אֱלֹהֵ֣י the God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 11 of 23
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 12 of 23
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
הִנְנִ֨י H2005
הִנְנִ֨י
Strong's: H2005
Word #: 13 of 23
lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if
קֹרֵ֤עַ Behold I will rend H7167
קֹרֵ֤עַ Behold I will rend
Strong's: H7167
Word #: 14 of 23
to rend, literally or figuratively (revile, paint the eyes, as if enlarging them)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 15 of 23
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַמַּמְלָכָה֙ the kingdom H4467
הַמַּמְלָכָה֙ the kingdom
Strong's: H4467
Word #: 16 of 23
dominion, i.e., (abstractly) the estate (rule) or (concretely) the country (realm)
מִיַּ֣ד out of the hand H3027
מִיַּ֣ד out of the hand
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 17 of 23
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה of Solomon H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה of Solomon
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 18 of 23
shelomah, david's successor
וְנָֽתַתִּ֣י and will give H5414
וְנָֽתַתִּ֣י and will give
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 19 of 23
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לְךָ֔ H0
לְךָ֔
Strong's: H0
Word #: 20 of 23
אֵ֖ת H853
אֵ֖ת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 21 of 23
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
עֲשָׂרָ֥ה ten H6235
עֲשָׂרָ֥ה ten
Strong's: H6235
Word #: 22 of 23
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
הַשְּׁבָטִֽים׃ tribes H7626
הַשְּׁבָטִֽים׃ tribes
Strong's: H7626
Word #: 23 of 23
a scion, i.e., (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting, ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan

Analysis & Commentary

And he said to Jeroboam, Take thee ten pieces: for thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel, Behold, I will rend the kingdom out of the hand of Solomon, and will give ten tribes to thee:

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's apostasy and death, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

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